38 results
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune hemolytic ... Cold autoimmune hemolytic ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
-100): • Non-hemolytic ... , CKD • Hemolytic ... Folate deficiency, B12 ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... #Anemia #AIHA # ... Treatment #management ... #hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Poisoning • Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Consider sickle cell disease ... ): SS, SC, SE, Sβ ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
- Neurological 12% ... Lymphadenopathies 7% - Hemolytic ... anemia 4% - Myositis ... autoantibodies #signs #symptoms ... #differential #rheumatology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
loss), Vitamin B12 ... Chronic kidney disease ... Retroperitoneal, Uterine • Hemolysis ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... Production #Index #hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Congenital Diseases ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... and Autoimmune Diseases ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... consumption • Vitamin B12
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
(Cold-induced symptoms ... of anemia include ... anemia • Cold ... #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Systemic Lupus (SLE ... pain (20%) Renal disease ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... erythematosus #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #rheumatology