225 results
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
) - Prerenal, Renal ... Postrenal PRE-RENAL ... Infection POST-RENAL ... Urinary calculi ... #Differential #Nephrology
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal ... Calculus AXR ... for ureteric and renal ... for ureteric and renal ... #Renal #Kidney
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... Hypercalcemia, Renal ... heart failure #Calculi ... #Types #Renal # ... diagnosis #causes #calculus
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Differential Diagnosis Renal ... or other tumor, Calculi ... - Malignancy, Calculi ... Schistomiasis, Malignancy, Calculi
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... HYPOVOLEMIC • extra-renal ... - fevers • renal ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
thromboembolism, renal ... OBSTRUCTIVE • Urinary calculi ... tumors INTRINSINC RENAL ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome: Investigations and Management

#Pulmonary #Renal #Syndrome #Diagnosis #Workup #Management
Pulmonary Renal ... #Pulmonary #Renal ... Syndrome #Diagnosis #Workup
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Painful: suggests calculi ... suggest intrinsic renal
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia ... CKD Increased Renal ... Diagnosis #Framework #Workup ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup