699 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Glucosuria → Polyuria → Dehydration ... pathophysiology #comparison
Shock and Vasoactive Drugs 
1) Determine type and etiology of shock
 • Distributive: Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic
Bleeding, Extreme Dehydration ... diagnosis #management #comparison
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
MAP = CO x SVR
Hypovolemic (↓ Intravascular volume):
 • Hemorrhage, dehydration due
• Hemorrhage, dehydration ... Diagnosis #table #comparison
POCUS Echocardiogram Volume Assessment

Echo provides increased accuracy and insight into volume state assessment. This grid illustrates
weight change/dehydration ... Assessment #Diagnosis #Comparison
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
: • Excessive hydration ... close to 1.035: • Dehydration
Bronchiolitis - Lower respiratory tract (bronchioles) 

Microbiology 
 • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (most commonl
Complications • Dehydration ... nasal suctioning, hydration
Clinical features of shock from dehydration in an infant

Decreased level of consciousness 
Sunken fontanelle 
Dry mucous
of shock from dehydration ... Shock #Infant #Dehydration
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
PRBC transfusion, Dehydration ... - Aggressive hydration ... - Aggressive hydration
Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Heart Murmur
 • Occurs during systole 
 • Crescendo-decrescendo murmur
 • Heard best
Valsalva manoeuvre, dehydration
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Acute Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Are the following present?
   1.
6 stools/24 h, dehydration ... Dehydration or >