159 results
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
- Diagnosis and ... Management Diagnosis ... upper limb) • Nutritional ... Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... Encephalopathy • A prompt treatment
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
Differential diagnosis ... fragmentation hemolysis ... • Severe B12 deficiency ... • Mechanical hemolysis ... #differential #diagnosis
Folate Deficiency - Causes of Decreased Folic Acid
↓ Intake: Diet, Age, Alcohol
↑ Demand: Pregnancy, Infancy, Hemolysis,
Folate Deficiency ... Pregnancy, Infancy, Hemolysis ... drkeithsiau #Folate #Deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nutrition
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Defects • G6PD deficiency ... • PK deficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... /jejunal nutrition ... drkeithsiau #Copper #Deficiency ... #diagnosis #signs
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... for Hemolysis - ... Intravascular Hemolysis ... G6PD deficiency) ... #differential #diagnosis
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... DAT (-) → G6PD Deficiency ... Immune mediated hemolysis ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... • Treatment: Warm ... Anemia #hematology #diagnosis
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
- Differential Diagnosis ... Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... Nutritional ... B12 • Folate deficiency
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia 1) DIAGNOSE ... reticulocytes • Hemolysis ... #Anemia #diagnosis ... #management #treatment