504 results
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
due to chronic disease ... Hypo-Mg2+ • Vitamin deficiency ... • Seizures • Hemolysis ... • Vitamin D deficiency ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Consider sickle cell disease ... , Hemoglobin H disease ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune hemolysis ... ARUPConsult @ARUPLabs #Hemolytic
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Framework for Hemolysis ... cold agglutin disease ... G6PD deficiency) ... e.g. sickle cell disease ... Hypersplenism, Wilson's disease
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
fragmentation hemolysis ... toxin-mediated hemolytic-uremic ... • Severe B12 deficiency ... • Mechanical hemolysis ... macroangiopathic hemolytic
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency ... Thalassemia, Iron deficiency ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune hemolytic ... Cold autoimmune hemolytic
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... DAT (-) → G6PD Deficiency ... Immune mediated hemolysis ... malignancy, autoimmune disease ... Microangiopathic hemolytic
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... and RES-mediated hemolysis ... Defects • G6PD deficiency ... • PK deficiency ... Intravascular - Hemolysis
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic ... • Treatment: Warm
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Microcytic - Iron-deficiency ... anemia, Liver diseases ... spherocytosis, Hemolytic ... , Liver diseases ... Schistocytes - Hemolytic