11 results
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
nephron damage in ... cardiorenal syndrome ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... #cardiorenal #syndrome ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... to Acute Interstitial ... hematuria, mild tubular ... MatthewHoMD #Acute ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... tubular necrosis ... (ATN) • Waxy Casts ... a variety of acute ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
in creatinine by ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... Light chain (LC) cast ... Methotrexate • AIN ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
- Classification ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... tubular necrosis ... interstitial nephritis (AIN ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
are seen in acute ... tubular necrosis ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... hepatitis, or acute ... Classification: ... • Urine sodium ... #Hepatology #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... , Gitelman syndrome ... , the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium ... #nephrology #differential
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
0.6*Wt Required Sodium ... /P Osm) Trans Tubular ... ТРСО2 → Тнсоз acute ... Distress Syndrome ... Bicarbonate, Sodium