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diagnosis differential aki injury kidney microscopy urinary urine ain alkalosis cancer chloride hepatology hepatorenal high hrs hyperkalemia interpretation interstitial kidneyinjury
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... tubular necrosis ... in a variety of acute ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive) • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... hematuria, mild tubular ... proteinuria, granular casts ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification Prerenal: • Dehydration • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome) • Liver failure
- Classification ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... tubular necrosis ... (causes: sepsis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer Cancer Related • Hypercalcemia • Intravenous contrast •
Acute Kidney Injury ... Light chain (LC) cast ... • Proximal tubular ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) Definition: • Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment. • Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
hepatitis, or acute ... Bland urine (no casts ... Classification: ... • Urine sodium ... essential in all cases
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... the excretion of sodium ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... the epithelial sodium ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
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