2713 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... High Aldosterone: Malignant ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... R - Cushing's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
• High PTHrP: Malignancy ... disease, Milk Alkali Syndrome ... disease, Viral Syndromes ... Algorithm #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
, Gitelman's syndrome ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... acid, Liddle's syndrome ... • Cushing's syndrome ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... Stricture • Malignancy ... • Nutcracker syndrome ... causes #urology #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... pathology • Malignancy ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... pathology • Malignancy ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Aldosterone • Malignant ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
↑ Aldosterone: Malignant ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
anti-phospholipid syndrome ... radiation nephritis, malignant ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology