15 results
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Acute Thiamine (B1 ... Deficiency Clinical Diagnosis ... - Caine Criteria ... abnormalities (eg ... #criteria #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Encephalopathy - Acute B1 ... - Caine Criteria ... dysfunctions ( e.g ... Cerebellar dysfunction (e.g ... #Management #neurology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... infection • Hyaline ... #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Hypertonic saline ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
Alice in Wonderland ... • Infection (e.g ... Brain lesions (e.g ... Wonderland #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #neurology #differential
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology ... Chemotherapy (e.g ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #microscopy ... #atlas #nomenclature
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... Acellular Casts • Hyaline ... colored compounds (e.g ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
dialysis indication (e.g ... require urgent nephrology ... Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... definitive guide to diagnosis ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology