9 results
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
IGFIR activates osteoblasts ... GrowthHormone #GH #FeedbackLoop
Bone resorption and the relationship between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.  
RANK is expressed on the osteoclasts,
relationship between osteoblasts ... marrow cells and osteoblasts ... RANK stimulates osteoclast ... projections from an osteoclast ... lysosomes in the osteoclast
Feedback Loop: Prolactin (PRL)
 • PRL levels exhibit diurnal, menstrual, and age-related variation
 • TRH has
Prolactin #PRL #FeedbackLoop
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
production of osteoblasts ... and GF's -> Osteoblasts
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune condition. While chiefly thought of as a joint
TNF #CRP #RANKL #ostoblast
Fracture Healing (and disruptors of this process)
Inflammatory Stage (0-7d)
 • Fracture disrupts local blood vessels ->
cartilaginous matrix by osteoblasts ... mos - yrs) • Osteoclast-osteoblast ... gentamycin - Toxic to osteoblasts
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
cells activate osteoblasts
Pharmacologic Options for Hypercalcemia Associated with Cancer
Rehydration with NS followed by loop diuretics
 • IV normal
acid - Inhibits osteoclast ... RANKL to decrease osteoclast ... nitrate - Inhibits osteoclast
Complications of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)
Fracture, Osteoporosis
 - Increased osteoclast activity and bone resorption
Osteoporosis - Increased osteoclast