10 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... syndrome, thiazide diuretics ... Jansen disease #Hypercalcemia ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... a.k.a. osmotic diuresis ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Medications: K+, ACEi/ARBs ... emcrit.org/ibcc/hyperkalemia ... management of hyperkalemia ... #Hyperkalemia
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hyperkalemia ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... Postoperative abdominal distention ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
ACEI or ARB Initiation
Hyperkalemia:
 - Review concurrent drugs
 - Moderate potassium Intake
 - Consider: diuretics, sodium
ACEI or ARB Initiation ... Hyperkalemia: ... - Consider: diuretics ... - Review for causes ... concomitant medications (e.g
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... , including a diuretic ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... • Low EABV (e.g ... Aldosterone • ACEi/ARB ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
: Most Common Cause ... Hyperkalemia is ... aldosterone levels are ... Give 250 mcg of ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Pseudohyperkalemia vs Reverse Hyperkalemia

Pseudohyperkalemia and reverse pseudohyperkalemia are both conditions where potassium levels appear falsely elevated.

Pseudohyperkalemia:
This
Pseudohyperkalemia vs Reverse Hyperkalemia ... clinical signs of hyperkalemia ... No symptoms of hyperkalemia ... Pseudohyperkalemia #Reverse #Hyperkalemia ... #Potassium #Nephrology