11 results
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... (AKI) - Acute increase ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... antibodies • Immune-complex
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... to Acute Interstitial ... sensitive) • AKI ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... Kidney #Injury #AKI
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
hepatitis, or acute ... Bland urine (no casts ... causes (esp. ... Classification: ... essential in all cases
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Following includes the complete ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) FE Na < ... leucocyte-esterase #urine #UNa #casts
Angioedema - Classification Diagnosis and Treatment
Types of Angioedema:
 • Acute allergic angioedema - Usually occurs with
Angioedema - Classification ... Angioedema: • Acute ... inherited disease Acute ... cell-mediated in > 90% of cases ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management
Invasive Aspergillus (IA) - Diagnosis and Management
Aspergillus is ubiquitous in nature. Most invasive infections are caused
Diagnosis and Management ... infections are caused ... A.fumigatus species complex ... septated hyphae, acute ... considered in certain cases
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Syndrome - Summary Acute ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... walking to nearly complete ... variants: (1) acute ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Syndrome (GBS) Acute ... Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... walking to nearly complete ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Acute and Critical Limb Ischemia
Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI):
 • Severe form of PAD that includes limb
Acute and Critical ... 11% of all PAD cases ... Acute Limb Ischemia ... (ALI): • Rapid ... Ischemia #diagnosis #management