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diagnosis algorithm hyponatremia workup glomerular management nephritic proteinuria acute aki blood glomerulonephritis hematuria microscopy nephritis renal sodium syndrome table treatment
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... glomerular hematuria (RBC ... casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
mimics, repeat testing ... casts, dysmorphic ... → Refer to Nephrology ... to Nephrology if ... cause not identified
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential ... present on repeat testing ... RBC casts ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... • RBC Casts - ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia Focal Hyporeflexia: • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... Hyperreflexia #Testing ... #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) SLE patient develops
Lupus Nephritis ... urine sediment ... dysmorphic RBCs, RBC ... casts, WBC casts ... algorithm #sle #nephrology
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