117 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... failure, Addison's disease ... Granulomatous diseases ... calcium)-alkali syndrome ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... #Hypercalcemia ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
EKG Findings Causes ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... toxicity • Paget's disease ... Granulomatous disease ... #Differential #Causes
Pill-Rolling Tremor of Parkinson's on Physical Exam

Characteristic pill-rolling tremor of Parkinson's disease

#Pill #Rolling #Tremor #PhysicalExam #clinical
Pill-Rolling Tremor ... tremor of Parkinson's ... disease #Pill ... #Rolling #Tremor ... #PhysicalExam #
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... granulomatous diseases ... Genetic: Williams syndrome ... #VitaminD #causes ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hyperthyroidism • Paget's disease ... Chronic kidney disease ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #Causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Granulomatous Disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... • Infiltrative disease ... bypass • Liver disease ... Tumor lysis syndrome ... Algorithm #PTH #endocrinology
Hirsutism & Virilization - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADRENAL EXCESS
Ovarian
 • Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
 • Hyperthecosis
 • Tumor
Adrenal
Hyperthecosis • Tumor ... Tumor Low Serum ... Obesity • Liver Disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... Activation: Liver disease ... , Kidney Disease ... - DiGeorge Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #endocrinology