37 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Hypercalcemia ... resorption: • Primary ... due to decreased urinary ... diagnosis #calcium #high ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Elevated PTH (High ... or normal): • Primary ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 - FHH
 - Hypercalcemia of malignancy
 - Local osteolytic hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Primary ... Local osteolytic hypercalcemia ... edgarvlermamd #Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism 
 • Possible Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Algorithm • Primary ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... • Humoral Hypercalcemia ... Algorithm #Causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... PTH - Frankly high ... → Primary hyperapara ... → Primary hyperpara ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Diagnosis Algorithm Primary ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Other Familial Hypercalcemias ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Syphilis - Diagnosis and Management - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary
Primary Syphilis
 • Localized lymphadenopathy
 •
Syphilis - Diagnosis ... and Management - Primary ... Secondary vs Tertiary Primary ... #Primary #Secondary ... #Tertiary #Comparison
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
-> Allantoin (High ... urinary excretion ... Ca-Phos nephropathy (high ... urine pH) • Hypocalcemia ... • Hyperkalemia
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Diagnosis Algorithm Primary ... of nucleotides Primary ... Drug-induced • High ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... Tubulointerstitial diseases - Urinary ... transplant - SLE High ... Renin - Primary ... Beta-Blockers #Hyperkalemia