34 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, Differential ... Cirrhosis - Nephrotic ... syndrome - Acute ... and chronic kidney ... Drugs - SIADH Renal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... GI losses • Renal ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... GI losses • Renal ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... liver failure, nephrotic ... syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... - fevers • renal ... liver failure • nephrotic ... syndromerenal ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... , UNa < 20 • Nephrotic ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndrome • Urine ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
broad - Advanced kidney ... , renal tuberculosis ... syndrome ("Maltese ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute Kidney ... Interstitial nephritis ... Postrenal #Failure #Differential ... #Nephrology ... GrepMed Recommended Text
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Interstitial nephritis ... syndrome: troponin ... imaging #Acute #Kidney ... #Diagnosis #nephrology