33 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection ... spherocytosis) • Infections ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... Polyclonal: - Infection ... #Anemia #AIHA # ... #hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Congenital Diseases ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Systemic lupus erythematosus ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... deficiency Infections
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... Inflammation, Chronic Infection ... #MCV #Classification ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Anemia Intrinsic ... Causes: • Liver disease ... drug induced • Infections ... Diagnosis #causes #classification ... #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... inclusions - If infection ... ARUPConsult @ARUPLabs #Hemolytic ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
-100): • Non-hemolytic ... , CKD • Hemolytic ... Macroangiopathic, Infections ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
Chronic kidney disease ... (e.g. cancer, infection ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... G6PD deficiency), Infections ... Production #Index #hematology
Causes of Splenomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious
 • Bacterial
 • Viral (EBV)
 • Parasitic
 • Fungal
Congestive
Diagnosis Algorithm Infectious ... • Gaucher's Disease ... Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Serum Sickness Hemolytic ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Lymphadenopathies 7% - Hemolytic ... anemia 4% - Myositis ... Other auto-immune, Infectious ... #differential #rheumatology