26 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... - Differential ... of anemia and hemolysis ... Abnormal peripheral smear ... #Anemias #Differential
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold ... or negative - Smear ... : spherocytes Cold ... C3 positive - Smear
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... Peripheral blood smear ... Immune mediated hemolysis ... #Anemia #Differential
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Framework for Hemolysis ... Intravascular Hemolysis ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... Extravascular #Causes #differential
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... - Differential ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... Extravascular #Differential
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... reticulocytes • Hemolysis ... C3d • Blood smear ... : Differential → ... Antibody #Autoimmune #Hemolytic
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) - Differential ... AIHA (48-70%) Cold ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... #Anemia #AIHA #Differential
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... • Compensated hemolysis ... IgM) • Blood smear ... younger pts) Differential ... intravascular hemolysis
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... Peripheral Blood Smear ... Urobilinogen #Hemolysis ... #Differential #
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... Agglutination - Cold ... ARUPConsult @ARUPLabs #Hemolytic ... #Anemia #Differential