46 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vit-D degradation (eg ... hyperphosphatemia (eg ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... D Deficiency (e.g ... Hypoparathyroidism (e.g ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... EABV (e.g., CHF ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Insensible losses Sodium ... Infiltrative disorders (e.g ... - Medications (e.g ... renal diseases (e.g ... #Causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #differential # ... algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Diagnosis Algorithm ... solute intake (e.g ... nutrition), Azotemia LOW ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology