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diagnosis nephrology hyponatremia potassium renal acidosis aniongap calculi calculus diabetes diuresis diuretics high hypokalemia insipidus low medications metabolic nongap pharmacology
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status Hypervolemic hypernatremia - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia Drugs - Amiloride - Spironolactone - Triamterene - Trimethoprim - Pentamidine -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... inhibitors Other causes ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential # ... causes
Types of Renal Calculi Calcium oxalate - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
urinary calcium excretion ... hypercalciuria, Hypercalcemia ... urinary calcium excretion ... Renal #stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... Proximal RTA (type ... (classic) RTA (type ... ketosis with ketone excretion ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypervolemia, ... #Causes #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus: - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... , hypercalcemia) ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia Pseudohyperkalemia - Tourniquet use - Hemolysis (in vitro) - Leukocytosis - Thrombocytosis Intra- to extracellular
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... renal potassium excretion ... transplantation, type ... #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Inadequate excretion ... #Differential # ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Regulating Renal Excretion ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... • Hypovolemic shock ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia I. Decreased intake A. Starvation B. Clay ingestion II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Increased secretion ... #Differential # ... Low #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
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