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differential diagnosis nephrology potassium classification high hyponatremia pharmacology acidosis aniongap diuresis diuretics function hemoptysis hypokalemia low medications metabolic nephron nongap
Causes of Cough and Hemoptysis Acute Inflammation - Laryngitis - Tracheobronchitis - Mycoplasma and
Causes of Cough ... Postnasal Drip - Chronic ... #Chronic #Cough ... #Differential #Causes ... #Table
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red Flags: • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection) • Weight loss,
Chronic Cough - ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... lung disease #Chronic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypervolemia, ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Refeeding Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia: • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample! • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
failure (acute and chronic ... Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Chronic progressive ... ketosis with ketone excretion
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status Hypervolemic hypernatremia - CHF
- Acute and chronic ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Regulating Renal Excretion ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... Diuretics #Renal #Excretion ... #Medications #Table
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
straight segments - Secretion ... organic acids and bases ... coupled to K+and H+ secretion ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Inadequate excretion ... Chronic kidney disease ... Chronic kidney disease ... Classification #Causes
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