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diagnosis differential nephrology hyponatremia pharmacology acidosis aniongap bowel classification diuresis excretion hypokalemia ileus medications metabolic nongap obstruction renal sbo segments
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... acid and most diuretics ... #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
liver cirrhosis, chronic ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... Kidney stones caused ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Causes #nephrology
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status Hypervolemic hypernatremia - CHF
- Acute and chronic ... hyponatremia - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... , nasogastric suction ... (carbonic anhydrase ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #Hypokalemia #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... failure (acute and chronic ... Generalized distal nephron ... Chronic progressive ... Potassium-sparing diuretics
Mechanical Bowel Obstruction and Ileus - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Ileus: Functional bowel "blockage", no peristalsis Mechanical Obstruction:
Findings Ileus: Functional ... either acute or chronic ... percussion • Nausea ... obstruction #sbo #ileus #pathophysiology
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