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diagnosis differential table classification acute algorithm aniongap calculi calculus defects diuresis diuretics epithelial excretion failure high hyperkalemia hypokalemia inherited injury
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status Hypervolemic hypernatremia - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... Acute and chronic kidney ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... tubal acidosis ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... Chronic progressive kidney ... hyperkalemia (with renal ... #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal PRE-RENAL Impaired perfusion: •
Causes of Acute ... Kidney Injury ( ... ) - Prerenal, Renal ... Diagnosis #Acute #Kidney ... #Differential #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... stones caused by ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... Epithelial Cells Renal ... receptor Distal renal ... tubular acidosis ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Types of Renal Calculi Calcium oxalate - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... tubular acidosis ... amino acids in kidney ... tubular acidosis ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... tubular acidosis ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Acidosis B. ... Renal resistance ... End-stage renal ... Classification #Causes
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