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diagnosis differential medications acidosis classification diuretics hypomagnesemia low pathophysiology abortive action actions adrenergic adrenoceptor algorithm aniongap anions comparison diabetes diuresis
Renal Actions of Diuretics #Diuretics #Sites #Action #Nephron #Pharmacology #Nephrology
Renal Actions of ... Sites #Action #Nephron ... #Pharmacology # ... Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Generalized distal nephron ... ketosis with ketone excretion ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Unmeasured Anions Associated with an Elevated Anion Gap and Metabolic Acidosis #Unmeasured #Anions #Gap #Metabolic #Acidosis #Diagnosis
Anion Gap and Metabolic ... #Anions #Gap #Metabolic ... Acidosis #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Table #Differential ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... antidiuretic hormone secretion ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... organic acids and bases ... vasopressin control #Nephron ... Pathophysiology #Tubules #Table ... #Pharmacology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic ... resistance • Metabolic ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hypomagnesemia Redistribution: - IV glucose - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis - IV hyperalimentation - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... (steatorrhea) Renal ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... medications #drugs #pharmacology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... steatorrhea) • Renal ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus: - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Acquired - Primary renal ... Obstructive uropathy, Metabolic ... causes (e.g., hypokalemia ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Adrenoceptor Actions α1 • Vascular smooth muscle - Contraction • Genitourinary smooth muscle - Contraction • Intestinal
ß-cells - ↓ Insulin secretion ... conduction velocity • Renal ... cells - ↑ Renin secretion ... receptors #actions #pharmacology ... pathophysiology #comparison #table
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