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Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
1 - Failure of secretion ... Acidosis #RTA #types #classification ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
, Mechanism of Action ... Pharmacology #summary #table ... #nephrology
Unmeasured Anions Associated with an Elevated Anion Gap and Metabolic Acidosis

#Unmeasured #Anions #Gap #Metabolic #Acidosis #Diagnosis
with an Elevated Anion ... Acidosis #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Table #Differential
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Gap and Non-anion ... Causes of High-anion ... ketosis with ketone excretion ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm ... Anion gap - ... late) Normal anion ... Respiratory #Metabolic #Algorithm ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
straight segments - Secretion ... Henle's loop (TAL) - Active ... tubule (DCT) - Active ... coupled to K+and H+ secretion ... Pathophysiology #Tubules #Table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... antidiuretic hormone secretion ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal Excretion ... the Nonspecific Cation ... Diuretics #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
Treatment of Stable ... B-blockers with caution ... B-blockers with caution ... underlying cause #Stable ... management #cardiology #algorithm
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... Hypernatremia #Classification ... Diagnosis #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology