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Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
causes of flank ... abdominal pain: diagnoses ... causes of obstruction ... #Renal #Kidney ... #Radiology #Diagnosis
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... Kidney Injury ( ... Urinary calculi ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Acute #Kidney
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... amino acids in kidney ... heart failure #Calculi ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #calculus
Pediatric Causes of Abdominal Pain

Surgical:
 - Acute appendicitis 
 - Intestinal obstruction including intussusception 
 -
Pediatric Causes ... hydronephrosis • renal ... calculus - Henoch—Schönlein ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Peds
Diagnosis and Management of Hypernatremia

#Hypernatremia #Differential #Algorithm #Causes #Nephrology #Diagnosis

** GrepMed Recommended Text: Nephrology Secrets -
Diagnosis and Management ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Causes #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis * ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemia ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... Chronic progressive kidney ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... stones caused by ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Evaluation of a child with a first urinary tract infection.

Why important? 
 - Up to half
damage the growing kidney ... by forming a renal ... Infection #Peds #Pediatrics ... #Assessment #Diagnosis ... #Mangaement
Newborn Infant - Routine Examination

Birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentile are noted.
General observation Of the baby's
When the diagnosis ... palpable, as may the kidney ... which are usually renal ... Examination #Peds #Pediatrics ... #Diagnosis