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Evaluation Algorithm of Patients with Bleeding

#Differential #Bleeding #Superficial #Deep #Causes #Algorithm #Hematology
Evaluation Algorithm ... Patients with Bleeding ... #Differential #Bleeding ... Superficial #Deep #Causes ... #Algorithm #Hematology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... #Segments #Function ... #Pathophysiology
Bleeding and Bruising - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Vascular System Defect - Congenital vs Acquired
 •
Bleeding and Bruising ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... vs Acquired #Bleeding ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #pathophysiology
Shock - Pathophysiology 
Inadequate tissue perfusion to meet O2, nutrient requirements
1. Distributive Shock
2. Hypovolemic Shock
3. Cardiogenic
Shock - Pathophysiology ... Shock #Shock #Pathophysiology ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Major Physiological Effects of Angiotensin II

Altered Peripheral Resistance
I. Direct vasoconstriction
II. Enhancement of peripheral noradrenergic
neurotransmission:
  A.
Altered Renal Function ... excretion in distal nephron ... AngiotensinII #Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever

Pathogenesis of rheumatic fever. 
1. GAS pharyngitis leads to antigenic presentation of pathogenic
gets activated leading ... skin, and brain leading ... antibodies which can cause ... lysoganglioside leading ... Rheumatic #Fever #Pathophysiology
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
blood vessels leading ... Crises can be precipitated ... The underlying pathophysiology ... of capillaries leading
Mechanical Bowel Obstruction and Ileus - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Ileus: Functional bowel "blockage", no peristalsis
Mechanical Obstruction:
Findings Ileus: Functional ... percussion • Nausea ... obstruction #sbo #ileus #pathophysiology