Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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60 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 β€’ Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 β€’ Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 β€’ High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 β€’ High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertensive: β€’ High Al, Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 β€’ Confirm hematuria β†’ Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... β†’ Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy β€’ Refer ... to Nephrology if ... cause not identified
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... Red blood cell casts ... Serum albumin - Low ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 β€’ Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... Guillain-BarrΓ© syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 β€’ Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Beer Potomania - Low ... failure, nephrotic syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1Β° HPT
- 1Β° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm ... , TIO, Fanconi Syndrome ... Hypophosphatemia #phosphorus #low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... Pain/Post-op β€’ Neurologic ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 β€’ Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low ... disease, Viral Syndromes ... #Workup #nephrology