The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Symptoms (included in DSM 5 criteria) - Present during
Major Depressive ... MajorDepressiveDisorder #Depression ... #MoodDisorders ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... Signs #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
StressDisorder #PTSD #BehavioralDisorder ... #Pathophysiology ... symptoms #signs #psychiatry
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
maintain this state Depressive ... Bipolar #Disorder #MoodDisorders ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... Signs #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Seasonal Affective Disorder: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Symptoms (included in the DSM-V) - Two Major Depressive episodes
DSM-V) - Two Major Depressive ... change from major depression ... AffectiveDisorder #MoodDisorders ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... Signs #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Benzodiazepines: Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
 • Decr spinal cord activity -> Muscle relaxant
-> Respiratory Depression ... Benzodiazepines #Psychiatry ... #Pharmacology #pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
pathway -> Incr gene expression ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Schizophrenia: Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Increased dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
-> Dopaminergic neurons here project into the limbic
Diminished emotional expression ... Schizophrenia #pathophysiology ... symptoms #signs #psychiatry
Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD): Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - For diagnosis, must have either 26
AttentionDeficitHyperactiveDisorder #ADHD #BehavioralDisorder ... #Pathophysiology ... symptoms #signs #psychiatry
Erectile Dysfunction: Pathogenesis

Erectile Dysfunction - Persistent or recurrent inability to achieve an erection sufficient to achieve
present -> Anxiety, depression ... and rigidity Endocrinologic ... #Dysfunction #Pathophysiology
Major Depressive Disorder: Complications
 • Recurrent Depressive Episodes
 • Early parenthood
 • Social isolation and interpersonal
Major Depressive ... • Recurrent Depressive ... Complications #Pathophysiology ... #Psychiatry