The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Symptoms (included in DSM 5 criteria) - Present during
Major Depressive ... MajorDepressiveDisorder #Depression ... #MoodDisorders ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Seasonal Affective Disorder: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Symptoms (included in the DSM-V) - Two Major Depressive episodes
clinical findings Symptoms ... season at work) Symptoms ... AffectiveDisorder #MoodDisorders ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
maintain this state Depressive ... Bipolar #Disorder #MoodDisorders ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
the etiology Signs ... /Symptoms: - Pretibial ... GravesDisease #pathophysiology ... #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
pathway -> Incr gene expression ... activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
inflammatory cytokine expression ... yrs old; F>M Signs ... /Symptoms: - Fever ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Schizophrenia: Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Increased dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
-> Dopaminergic neurons here project into the limbic
Pathogenesis and Symptoms ... cause the Positive Symptoms ... Diminished emotional expression ... Schizophrenia #pathophysiology ... #signs #psychiatry
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome Signs ... /Symptoms/Complications ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics