25 results
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy ... - Pathophysiology ... intestinal calcium absorption ... in the bone • ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Hyperferritinemia - Differential Diagnosis
Ferritin > 1000
Ferritin is the storage form of iron. Increased hepcidin
be used by the bone ... increased GI absorption ... of iron. ... Malignancy - 24% ... Hematologic Malignancy
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... , Bony Mets ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... due to increased bone ... hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy ... increased GI Ca2+ absorption ... Hypercalcemia #Causes
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Burns Non malignant ... • Iron deficiency ... #Causes #Hematology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... absorption and ... endpoint of all-cause
Causes of Iron Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Blood loss: GI (cancer, ulcer, IBD), GU
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... loss of sites of absorption ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Fe #algorithm
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Aggressive, Non-Malignant ... Cyst Malignant ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Bone Lesion on X-Ray - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Exostotic
 • Osteochondroma
Asymptomatic &/or Non-Active Bone Scam
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... calcify &/or turn malignant ... " appearance) Malignant ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased intake/absorption ... malabsorption), Hungry bone ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology