31 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... of anemia and hemolysis ... #Anemias #Differential
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
- Differential ... Hgb - Membrane Defects ... anemia • ... Extravascular #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... Intrinsic RBC Defects ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... , Other enzyme defects ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Differential Diagnosis ... for Hemolytic Anemia ... • Membrane defects ... #Anemia #Differential ... classification #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... : Sickle cell anemia ... Urobilinogen #Hemolysis ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
Retroperitoneal, Uterine • Hemolysis ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... RBC defects (e.g ... Production #Index #hematology ... #anemia #differential
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
• Vitamin E - Haemolytic ... anaemia, ataxia ... , neural tube defects ... Vitamins #Deficiency #differential ... #diagnosis #signs
Anaplasma Infection - Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Pathophysiology: 
 • Obligate, intracellular bacteria
 • Transmitted via blacklegged tick —
scapularis • Infects ... within morulae Signs ... myalgias, shaking chills ... • Rash is rare ... immature forms) • Anemia
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Sjögrens (15%) Skin ... Photosensitivity, Butterfly rash ... Restrictive lung defect ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... erythematosus #signs