34 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... : Membrane defects ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Restrictive lung defect ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis ... #rheumatology
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... , neural tube defects ... Vitamins #Deficiency #differential ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Illness Script Signs ... and symptoms: ... Treatment: • Consider ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
- Hemolytic anemia ... autoantibodies #signs ... #symptoms #mimickers ... #differential # ... rheumatology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #anemia
Suspected Celiac Disease - Diagnosis Algorithm

Celiac disease suspected:
 • Signs and symptoms of celiac disease
 •
suspected: • Signs ... and symptoms of ... Iron-deficiency anemia ... unresponsive to treatment ... microscopic colitis Differential
Autoimmune Myositis
Necrotizing myopathy is associated with higher CK levels, greater level of muscle weakness, less systemic
less systemic symptoms ... , holster sign, ... anti-synthetase syndrome ... after 2 years of treatment ... Myositis #diagnosis #rheumatology
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Risk Factors and Signs ... diarrhoea, Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... Haematological: Anaemia ... #riskfactors #symptoms
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... • Neurological deficits ... • Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g.