13 results
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Excretion Effects ... Diuresis, Na+, ... Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor ... #effects #pharmacology ... #comparison #table
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors ... the nephron by excretion ... #Pharmacology # ... loop #thiazide #classes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal Excretion ... Kidney stones caused ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Primary - Under-excretion ... drugs • ACE inhibitors ... Cyclosporine • Diuretics ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Saline or osmotic diuresis ... Drugs: - Loop diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... medications #drugs #pharmacology
SGLT2 Inhibitors 
SGLT2 inhibitors are the newest class of anti-diabetic medications, with the first one (Canagliflozin)
kidney), which causes ... are similar to diuretics ... increased glucose excretion ... #Pharmacology # ... DM2 #Diabetes #Endocrinology
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
DPP-4 Inhibitors ... - Pharmacology ... not definitively cause ... #Pharmacology # ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
tubules - ACE-inhibitors ... dose salicylates, diuretics ... nephron -> Under-excretion ... Release of purine bases ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
organic acids and bases ... acid and most diuretics ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table ... #Pharmacology
Pharmacologic Options for Hypercalcemia Associated with Cancer
Rehydration with NS followed by loop diuretics
 • IV normal
Pharmacologic Options ... followed by loop diuretics ... GFR and renal excretion ... drugs #treatment #pharmacology ... #table