43 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
and Reduction in HbA1c ... Elevation == Decreased ... RBC turnover • Acute ... Elevation #Reduction #HbA1c ... #Increase #Decrease
Differential Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury 

#Diagnosis #Nephrology #AKI #Acute #KidneyInjury #Causes #Differential #Workup #Algorithm #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis of Acute ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #AKI #Acute #KidneyInjury ... #Differential #Workup
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
In CHF, decreases ... In COPD, decreases ... exacerbation (often w/ acute ... COPD) • Other acute ... status • Won't Work
Definitions of AKI, CKD, AKD
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI):
 • Increase in SCr by 2 50% within
AKI, CKD, AKD Acute ... Damage > 3 months Acute ... months, OR • Decrease ... #Definitions #nephrology ... #acute #kidneyinjury
Acute Kidney Injury - RIFLE and AKIN Criteria for Diagnosis and Classification of AKI
 • AKIN
Acute Kidney Injury ... mg/dL with an acute ... increase of ≥ 0.5 ... @DharSaty #Acute ... Classification #nephrology
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
inhibition • Increase ... distal RTA • Increase ... Vasoconstriction and decreased ... immune reaction • Acute ... KidneyDisease #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... repeat testing • Acute ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... hyperproteinemia DECREASED ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Excretion: • Decreased ... Refeeding Syndrome, Acute ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Prerenal:
 • Due to true volume loss or decreased
Acute Kidney Injury ... volume loss or decreased ... 3rd spacing • Decreased ... dye) • AIN (acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology