56 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... of anemia and hemolysis ... Immune-mediated Hemolysis ... Nonimmune-mediated Hemolysis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... AIHA (48-70%) Cold ... Agglutinin Disease ... Autoimmune #Hemolytic #Anemia ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Immunosuppression, Splenectomy Cold ... Mostly transient hemolysis ... BostonChiefs #Warm #Cold ... #hematology #diagnosis
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
iron deficiency anemia ... Autoimmune hemolytic anemia ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... , Paroxysmal cold ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Expected DAT Results in Autoimmune Hemolysis
DAT Negative Hemolysis
 • DAT Poly ( - ), IgG (
in Autoimmune Hemolysis ... , C3d ( +/- ) Cold ... agglutinin disease ... ) Paroxysmal cold ... #hematology #diagnosis
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
• Symptoms of anemia ... • hemolytic anemia ... • Compensated hemolysis ... intravascular hemolysis ... #hematology #diagnosis
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Poisoning • Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... Marrow Failure • Anemia ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology