38 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... of anemia and hemolysis ... Immune-mediated Hemolysis ... Hypersplenism, Infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Warm AIHA • Cold ... circulation - Infections ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
• Symptoms of anemia ... • hemolytic anemia ... • Compensated hemolysis ... intravascular hemolysis ... #hematology #diagnosis
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Immunosuppression, Splenectomy Cold ... Mostly transient hemolysis ... BostonChiefs #Warm #Cold ... #hematology #diagnosis
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... Internal (RBC) - Infections ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... > 10, no more hemolysis ... azathioprine Cold ... Polyclonal: - Infection ... Treatment #management #hematology
Opportunistic Infections in HIV/AIDS
Here's a little symptom-based guide to OIs in pts with HIV I made
Opportunistic Infections ... Neuro Deficits - Hemoptysis ... Tenesmus - Spinal Cord ... Opportunistic #Infections ... Guide #Symptoms #Signs
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... • Nonmalignant hematologic ... blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... : Chronic infections
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Poisoning • Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... Inflammation, Chronic Infection ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology