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differential nephrology treatment hematology infectiousdiseases acute aki clinical hematuria injury microbiology oncology anemia disease endocarditis fever infections kidney mds myelodysplastic
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework PRERENAL: - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated - Systemic vasodilation - Volume
urinalysis, labs - Management ... Glomerular (red blood cells ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... Algorithm Red ... microscopy. ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... #Algorithm #Causes
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive) • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... eosinophiluria, microscopic ... proteinuria, granular casts ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Algorithm Acute ... Epithelial cell casts ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #Algorithm #Causes
My Patient with Infective Endocarditis (IE) Has Negative Blood Cultures - Did they receive antibiotics prior
Negative Blood Cultures ... therapy - Number one cause ... of culture negative ... BloodCultures #Diagnosis ... #Management #Algorithm
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Confirm ... → Urine culture ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... Nephrology if cause
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... Algorithm Persistent ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hereditary: • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hereditary ... Peripheral blood smear ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Causes of Dysuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Pyuria ... Pyelonephritis - WBC Casts ... #Algorithm #Causes
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