22 results
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
exercise or with diuretic ... casts are seen in acute ... , renal tuberculosis ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Torsemide) • Acute ... kidney disease, and nephrotic ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Cushing's syndrome, Primary ... Hypodipsia - Renal ... Classification #Features #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... losses, Diuretic ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... , UNa < 20 • Nephrotic ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... volume deficiency, Diuretics ... Management: Avoiding nephrotoxic ... Obstruction to urinary ... appropriate) #Acute
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
- Differential Diagnosis ... thromboembolism, renal ... tumors INTRINSINC RENAL ... Interstitial Nephritis ... #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... Interstitial nephritis ... Urinary calculi ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Prerenal:
 • Due to true volume loss or decreased
- Differential Diagnosis ... losses, hemorrhage, diuretics ... interstitial nephritis ... Trauma to the urinary ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
GI losses • Renal ... especially thiazide diuretics ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... suppression • Primary ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
GI losses • Renal ... especially thiazide diuretics ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... suppression • Primary ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology