31 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
: • Autoimmune ... (AIHAs) • Alloimmune ... • Extrinsic RBC ... • Intrinsic RBC ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Differential Diagnosis ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #AIHA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
- Differential ... • Alloimmune ... elliptocytosis - RBC ... Extravascular #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Warm Antibody Autoimmune ... 1) DIAGNOSE AIHA ... ↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... • Blood smear: Differential ... #diagnosis #management
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(AIHA) "Warm" ( ... (AIHA)"Cold" (usually ... • Intrinsic RBC ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... 2) External (RBC ... Membrane): - Autoimmune ... 3) Internal (RBC ... Diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... > 10, no more hemolysis ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... Treatment #management ... #hematology
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Bleed • Hemolysis ... Polychromatic Macrocytes, RBC ... Spherocytes, RBC ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
- Differential ... hypertension • Unusual RBC ... acanthocytes - Consider RBC ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune ... Agglutinate: Cold autoimmune ... #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology