27 results
Effects of Strokes by Location - Anterior vs Posterior Localization

Anterior Circulation 
 - MCA 
 -
Effects of Strokes ... - MCA - ACA ... - AICA - PCA ... #Localization #Effects ... #Table #Territories
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Electrolyte Excretion Effects ... +, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl ... #electrolytes #effects ... #pharmacology # ... comparison #table
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology # ... potassium #medications
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypertensive: • High Al ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... cotransporter, K channel, Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Thiazide-sensitive Na—Cl ... #Differential #Table
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Mechanism of Action, Effects ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Medications #Pharmacology ... #summary #table ... #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... • Inhibit Na+ Cl ... Piretanide Potassium ... diuretic as no effect ... loop #thiazide #classes
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Digoxin Pharmacology ... and Pathophysiology ... intracellular calcium causes ... levels) is a side effect ... #Pathophysiology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
filtered Na+/K+/Cl ... filtered Na+ and Cl ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table ... #Pharmacology
Common Vasopressors and Inotropes
Norepinephrine (NE)
 - Indication: Distributive shock (1st line for septic shock), Cardiogenic shock
mild ↑CO) - Side effects ... Bradyarrhythmias, Some cases ... Can be used in all ... Inotropes #comparison #table ... #pharmacology #