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diagnosis differential hyperkalemia potassium syndrome table causes management algorithm diuretics gitelman high kidney medications treatment abg acid acidbase actions acutekidneyinjury
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Drugs that Impair Renal ... Aldosterone Release: ACE ... Decreased Na, K-ATPase ... #Hyperkalemia #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology #
Anti-C. Difficile - Antibiotics Class Overview 1. Metronidazole – (see anti-anaerobe section above for more details).
Difficile - Antibiotics ... defined as WBC <15 k, ... no acute renal ... >15k, or acute renal ... Fidaxomicin (PO) #Pharmacology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... Beta blockers • Antibiotics ... deficiency • Renal ... Type IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... Increased EC shift of K ... • Exogenous (KCL ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... syndrome - Na-K- ... , K channel, Cl ... receptor Distal renal ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... Beta blockers • Antibiotics ... deficiency • Renal ... Type IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome • Increased renal interstitial pressure • Hypoperfusion • Reduced
• Increased renal ... Hypoperfusion • Reduced renal ... release • ↓ Cl ... syndrome #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) What to ask/look for: - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urine Na/K/ ... Cl/urea/protein/ ... Cr - Renal/bladder ... - 45% - Pre-renal ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology
Effects of Prostaglandins and NSAIDs on the Kidney Effects of Prostaglandins on the Kidney: • The vasodilatory
importance in renal ... production of renal ... hormones that act ... retention of Na, K ... #nephrology #pharmacology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology ... distal tubule. ↑ Nacl ... nephron → - ↑ K+ ... Gitelman #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
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