151 results
diagnosis differential causes nephrology management hypokalemia potassium low workup hypercalcemia hyponatremia secondary classification table acute medications pathophysiology high oncology pharmacology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
algorithm Decreased ... renal potassium ... excretion • Acute renal ... failure • Chronic renal ... high: • Post-renal
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... • Renal tubular ... , Congenital adrenal ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... @priti899 #Hypokalemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia Parathyroid hormone–dependent Primary hyperparathyroidism Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia Lithium-associated Tertiary hyperparathyroidism Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... hormone–independent Renal ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
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 Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Primary Hyperparathyroidism • Adenoma • Hyperplasia • MEN 1 and 2A Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Immobilization • Adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Endocrinology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... Nonreabsorbable anions • Renal ... • Bartter's syndrome
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Elevated PTH (High or normal): • Primary Hyperparathyroidism • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Evaluation and Management of Hyperkalemia As with hypokalemia, the immediate danger of hyperkalemia is its effect on
Management of Hyperkalemia ... As with hypokalemia ... , because hyperkalemia ... with underlying renal ... #Evaluation #Algorithm
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 Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... Acute or chronic renal ... failure Hypervolemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia Parathyroid gland structure-related • Primary hyperparathyroidism • Parathyroid adenoma • Parathyroid hyperplasia • Parathyroid
breast, lung, renal ... , adrenal, prostate ... lung cancer • Renal ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #Causes #endocrinology
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