11 results
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) - Diagnostic Criteria
HRS-AKI (Acute: previously known as HRS Type 1)
 • ↑ Creatinine
HRS-AKI (Acute: ... e.g. diuretics, NSAIDs ... haematuria, Normal renal ... 2) • HRS-AKD ... Cirrhosis + ascites • HRS-CKD
Effects of Prostaglandins and NSAIDs on the Kidney
Effects of Prostaglandins on the Kidney:
 • The vasodilatory
Prostaglandins and NSAIDs ... healthy individuals has ... is increased in CKD ... use in CKD with ... #nephrology #pharmacology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Guide to Acute Kidney ... Nephrotoxins (NSAlDs ... - Hx of AKI/CKD ... 21% - AKI on CKD ... AKI #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... - Differential Diagnosis ... at least 50% Renal ... Ethylene glycol) TTP/HUS ... Nephritis • Drugs (NSAlDs
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... eosinophiluria) • Drugs (NSAlDs ... ) • Multiple myeloma ... Hyperphosphatemia #CKD
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... Overfill (Increased renal ... > 40meq/L) • NSAlDs ... • AKI/CKD • ... • Sepsis • Acute
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... pressure • TTP / HUS ... myoglobin • Myeloma
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... An acute rise or ... Pheochromocytoma • Toxic: NSAlDs ... disease: CKD, acute ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... K+, ACEi/ARBs, NSAIDs ... depress, ↑PR ↑QRS ... VBG (acidosis), CK ... only if no clear cause
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... : Differential Diagnosis ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... diuretics after renal ... diuretic effect has