16 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Breast, Kidney, ... Paget's Disease #Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... , Bladder, Breast ... Thiazides/Lithium #Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
Hypercalcemia of ... D - Increased renal ... Cell, Breast Cancer ... @kdjhaveri #Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... • Drugs • Diabetic ... • Type 1 #Hyperkalemia ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... lung cancer • Renal ... Milk-alkali syndrome #Hypercalcemia
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... Neovascularization #Diabetic ... #Retinopathy #Diabetes ... #ophthalmology
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... cell disease - Renal ... Low Renin - Diabetes ... Beta-Blockers #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... persistent over at least ... Proteinuria) • Diabetes ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperparathyroidism • Diabetic ... acidosis - Renal ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia - ... Renal Failure → ... Overload → Loop diuretic ... malignancy #associated #hypercalcemia