31 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #nephrology #causes
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... High Prolactin + Normal ... High Prolactin + Normal ... / Low TSH • Pituitary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... #nephrology
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Renin, Low Aldosterone ... Hypoaldosteronism (Normal ... Aldosterone Resistance (Normal ... Normal or High Aldosterone ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Unknown nature & benign ... reexposed to light; • Normal ... Young females Differential ... Ill Palsy - abnormal ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... High or Normal ... Hypercalcemia Low ... Malignancy • Normal ... #Workup #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Liddle syndrome Low-normal ... • Distal RTA Low-normal ... urine #potassium #differential ... #nephrology
Benign Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperplasia - Often Bilateral
 • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
 • ACTH
Benign Adrenal Mass ... - Differential ... High DHEAS • Low ... High Plasma E2 +Clinical ... Non-Functioning Mass • Normal
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Elevated PTH (High or normal ... Hypercalcemia Low ... renal, Bladder, Breast
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Normal, Renin High ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium ... #differential