35 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... renal, Bladder, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Renal failure, acute ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Crohn's disease, Acute ... Genetic: Williams syndrome ... #VitaminD #causes ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #Hypercalcemia ... #Causes #endocrinology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... glycosides • High acute ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... MCW_Nephrology #HyperKalemia
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... (ALL) • Acute ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... #endocrinology ... #causes
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Refeeding Syndrome ... • Acute Respiratory ... #endocrinology ... #causes