16 results
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... eosinophiluria, microscopic ... proteinuria, granular casts ... /RTE; blend sediment ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... cases are caused ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
urine sediment ... Microscopic exam ... • Urinary casts ... Kidney Injury (AKI ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... microscopy / urinary ... sediment, renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Urine Microscopy Instructions
1) Spin fresh urine sample (10-15mL) in a centrifuge for 3-5 minutes - Don't
Urine Microscopy ... sample (10-15mL) in ... the remaining sediment ... under lower power (casts ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
sediment Microscopic ... sediment by microscopy ... syndrome: • Flank pain ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... stimulus to ADH • Pain ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... stimulus to ADH • Pain ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... restriction alone in ... #nephrology