65 results
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... and Management ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... Myelodysplastic #Syndrome ... #hematology #oncology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA ... • Anemia: macrocytic ... • Blood smear: Differential ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #rheumatology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... Morphology #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #differential # ... hematology
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
Differential diagnosis ... hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... macroangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... " • HELLP syndrome ... #diagnosis #hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Pancytopenia - Differential ... Diagnosis Congenital ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Diagnostic Framework ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... morphologic #mcv #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... #Causes #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Platelet Count - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Inflammatory Conditions: Rheumatologic ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... in pernicious anemia ... • Refeeding syndrome ... #nephrology #low
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... Constitutional Syndromes ... marrow-failure syndromes ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management