21 results
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... #MCV #Classification ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune hemolytic ... Cold autoimmune hemolytic ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
-100): • Non-hemolytic ... , CKD • Hemolytic ... Folate deficiency, B12 ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... #Anemia #AIHA # ... Treatment #management ... #hematology
Causes of Anemia in Cirrhosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
LOW RETIC INDEX - ↓ PRODUCTION
 • Vitamin
in Cirrhosis - ... PRODUCTION • Vitamin B12 ... Peptic ulcer disease ... anemia, Hemolysis ... #Diagnosis #Hepatology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Congenital Diseases ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... Anemia Intrinsic ... Causes: • Liver disease ... Diagnosis #causes #classification ... #hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
loss), Vitamin B12 ... Chronic kidney disease ... Retroperitoneal, Uterine • Hemolysis ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... Production #Index #hematology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Overall Approach to Anemia ... Deficiency • B12 ... Disease • Marrow ... #Classification ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology